Equally significant was their exchange-system in trade and commerce. The social and economic life of the people of Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization) was systematic and organised. Cities of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa were differentiated from other settlements by the large size of their population, complexity of social and economic life, diversity of craft production, and existence of some kind of political authority. Important aspects of social, economic and religious life . Ancient Indus Valley Civilization Articles. This name is inaccurate. The Harappan earthenware were smooth and glossy, resembling the earthenware recovered from Tel Asmar of Mesopotamia. Mettalurgy of Harappan Civilization; The Aryans wear helmet and defensive armour which were unknown to the Harappan. 1. Harappa. Their town planning proves that they lived a highly civilized and developed life. Here we will analyse the various facets of Harappan economy, particularly agriculture, crafts and industries, trade and commerce. Trade involves the transfer of goods or services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. These made them prosperous and opened for them the avenues of a comfortable life. Besides ivory works, combs and pearls were exported to West Asia from the Indus cities. Boats were used for trade through rivers and sea. The urban nature of the culture of Harappan civilization is reflected in their social, economic and religious activities. Ornament making was their technical forte. There are similar indicators to show the trade-links with Egypt. Search . The agriculture depended on rain-fed water. The Indus cities also traded with Sumeria. Short Essay on the Economic Life of the Harappan Civilizaiton. It is also known as the Indus Civilization because two of its best-known cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, are situated along the banks of the Indus River. Major excavations undertaken at the Indus sites have given us a fair idea about other aspects of civilization including society, economy, religion, technology etc. They followed a system of centralized administration. The abundant produce of cotton and wool in the Indus region led the people to weave cotton and woolen garments separately or in a mixed way. They were busy in manufacturing many articles and each of their handiworks reveals an exquisite artistry. N.p. Early Vedic Age : Origin, Social Life, Economic Life, Culture and Religion! The industrial know-how of the Harappan people was unique. An earthen boat has also been recovered from there. For self-defense, they made sword, shield, protective dress and head-gear. A strict control was exercised to maintain proper standard of weight. Beads recovered from Chanhudaro, Mohenjo-Daro and Lothal indicate their use in necklaces. The people who were responsible for the evolution of this civilization called themselves Aryas or Aryarns. Origin. Seldom is seen such modem method of drainage in any other ancient civilization. India; History of India; The Harappan Civilization ; தமிழில் படிக்க. In 2001, archaeologists studying the remains of two men from Mehrgarh, Pakistan, discovered that the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, from the early Harappan periods, had knowledge of proto- dentistry. The discovery is not a result of a particular day but it is a conglomeration of various archaeological findings that has been discovered continuously since 19th century. One of the main economic activities of ancient Mesopotamia was agriculture, which largely relied on irrigation for success. The social and economic life of the people of Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization) was systematic and organised. With modern technology, scientific explorers have been able to gain significant insights. Apart from trade and industry, agriculture was the chief occupation of the Indus people. Mesopotamia is regarded as the cradle of civilization because it saw the beginning of human settlement in an organized society. The social and economic life of of the people of Harappan Civilization was systematic and organized. "TimeMaps Atlas of World History. One foot was equal to almost 37.6 centimeters. Food. They did not know the use of animals like horse and dog. Trade and business grew as a result of close inter-action between the town and its sub-urban villages. The Indus people used copper and tin. The Indus River Valley Civilization, also known as Harappan civilization, developed the first accurate system of standardized weights and measures, some as accurate as to 1.6 mm. Harappan Civilization, also known as Indus Valley Civilization, had flourished across the area of the North-Western part of the Indian subcontinent around 2500 BC. Economic life There was a great progress in all spheres of economic activity such as agriculture, industry and crafts and trade. In 2001, archaeologists studying the remains of two men from Mehrgarh, Pakistan, made the discovery that the people of the Indus Valley Civilization, from the early Harappan periods, had knowledge of proto-dentistry. Wheat and barley were the main crops grown besides sesame, mustard and cotton. Rakhigarhi, Rakhi Garhi (Rakhi Shahpur + Rakhi Khas), is a village in Hisar District in the state of Haryana in India, situated 150 kilometers to the northwest of Delhi.It is the site of a pre-Indus Valley Civilisation settlement going back to about 1600 BCE.Later, it was also part of the mature Indus Valley Civilisation, dating to 2600-1900 BCE. The domestic articles used by the Indus people and the comfortable houses in which they lived show prosperity of the Indus people. Prominent among the Harappan earthenware is a cylindrical and perforated pot, used for extracting cheese from curd as per Mortimer wheeler’s inference. Besides food was supplied … Food: Specimens of wheat and barley show that they were cultivated in that region. Chains and necklaces, armlets, bracelets, rings and ear-rings were made for both men and women. Thoughtdots RSS. With its help they made beautiful earthenware pots like cooking-pot, jug, plate, tray, perforated jars, cups and the like. They had mastery over the proportionate weaving and stitching of inner and outer garments. Length was measured in Ones. The economic condition of the Harappan people was quite good. Such a picture about their ornaments becomes clear from a study of many images recovered from various places. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were principal trading centres. The approximate population of Mohenjo-Daro was 35000. Kalibangan gives us the idea about their agriculture. Image Guidelines 5. Content Guidelines 2. Measuring by hand was also prevalent. Lothal remained an emporium of trade between the Harappan civilization and the remaining part of India as well as Mesopotamia. On examination of the skulls and bones discovered during excavation it is said that the people were either Dravidians or a branch of Indo-Aryans. The Decline of the Harappans. Tamil Search | English-Tamil Dictionary | Maps | Tamil Radio | Wikipedia | Books | Matrimonial| MP3 Songs | Aggregator. It flourished from around 2500 BC to 1750 BC. How far trade supplied basic essentials such as food, and how far it was simply a means of obtaining luxury goods, are questions of importance. Though exact details are not available, that they were not totally ignorant about the system of “exchange” that prevailed m’ ancient times is indicated from the hints about it in their seals and sealing process. They stitched with needles of bone and bronze. On some were painted the pictures of peacock and sometimes, alternate rows of circles and squares running to five or six lines. [6] Articles focused on topics of anthropological or socio-cultural significance including family dynamics, gender, social relations, religion, daily life, ideologies and social stratification in the ancient Indus Valley civilization. A variety of articles were manufactured in Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro for purposes of domestic consumption. In various examinations which have a section of general studies, often ask a question or two about the Vedic civilization. The Indus people used various types of weights and measures. They also knew the use of sickle and used to cut crops with it. Harappa is known to be a 4700 years old city in the subcontinent which was discovered around the time 1920. In 2001, archaeologists studying the remains of two men from Mehrgarh, Pakistan, discovered that the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, from the early Harappan periods, had knowledge of proto- dentistry. Indus Valley Civilization has an ancient tradition of pottery making. There is evidence to show that date palms were grown in the area. Big wide roads and lighting system speak of their healthy civic life. These sites, each of which measures more than 3 mi (5 km) in circumference, were once great urban centers, the chief cities of the Indus civilization. The Indus Valley civilization is also known as the Harappan Civilization after the village named Harappa, in what is now Pakistan, where the civilization was first discovered. Most knowledge about the life at Indus Valley comes from the remains of the cities of Harappa and Mohen-Jo Daro. Both weight and measure was done in the multiples of two, like 2,4, 8,16,32,64 etc. The Harappan Civilization. Harappan Civilization is arguable the most advanced and maybe the oldest civilization in the ancient world. 07 Indus valley civilization 1. As a matter of fact the Harappan culture was urban in nature with exceptional skill in building and town-planning in their civic life. Their affluence was due to agriculture, animal husbandry, industry, trade and commerce. All loved ornaments irrespective of whether they were rich or poor. The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab region and then in 1922 at Mohenjo-daro (Mohenjodaro), near the Indus River in the Sindh (Sind) region. Date of the Harappan Culture In 1931, Sir John Marshall estimated the duration of the occupation of Mohenjo-Daro between 3250 and 2750 B.C. Content Filtrations 6. Home | Extent | Period | Features | Social life | Economic activity | Sculptures | Scripts | Seals | Religion | End of the Civilization: Food: Specimens of wheat and barley show that they were cultivated in that region. A manufacturing unit at Chanhudaro bears testimony to it. The social and economic life of the people of Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization) was systematic and organised. The discovery of Harappa in 1829 CE was the first indication that any such civilization existed in India, and by that time, Egyptian hieroglyphics had been deciphered, Egyptian and Mesopotamian sites excavated, and cuneiform would soon be translated by the scholar George Smith (l. 1840-1876 CE). Their affluence was due to agriculture, animal husbandry, industry, trade and commerce. The social and economic life of the people of Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan Civilization) was systematic and organised. 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